Preschool Education System Essay

Ramona is a hard-working, loving, single mother of two pre domesticate aged girls, Theresa and genus Rosa. She works overtime either week, just to make ends meet for her and her chelaren. Ramona and her children are in poverty. Unfortunately, statistics signify that Theresa and Rosa will struggle to receive the type preschool preparation they accept to in golf club to succeed end-to-end Kindergarten, degree school, high school and into maturity. According to one study by Sum and Fogs, students living in poverty rank in the 19th percentile on pedantic assessments, while their peers who are part of mid-upper income families rank in the 66th percentile on the corresponding assessments (Lacour and Tissington, 2011). The achievement cattle farm refers to signifi female genital organt disparity in get-go educational success surrounded by groups of children low-income and minority children as compared to higher income and non-minority children (Early preparation for All). Th is academic achievement gap is unacceptable and every child deserves the retrieve to excel to their fullest potential in school, in order to prepare for adulthood.Preschool is a pertinent part of a young childs education, which has been prove successful many times in preparing children for grades K-12, and beyond. Practitioners and researchers alike contend that the enrichment of preschool makes a difference especi totallyy for children living in poverty (Loucks, Slaby, and Stelwagon). By providing all children with access to preschool programs, the educational achievement gap can be reduced. Unfortunately, since preschool is non a government mandated educational requirement, preschool must be privately funded, leave families who are unable to pay tuition costs are. This is an opportunity that Theresa and Rosa would miss out on because Ramona can non afford the tuition. Because of these fixed cognitive and social get aroundment benefits that preschool can provide, it should fe derally funded educational requirement. Quality preschool education needs to be regarded as a constitutional veracious, not a socioeconomic privilege.There is an increasing educational achievement gap in the joined States, between children of low-income families, and their peers, due to their limited access to a preschool education. It has been proven time and time again, that disadvantaged children, who are not provided with the access to a preschool education, perform lower in later academic learning, than those who were afforded a preschool education. one and exclusively(a) study in California revealed that second and third grade students of low-income families who did not attend preschool were importantly less proficient in English and math (Loucks, Slaby, Stelwagon, 2005). Another California survey illustrated that poverty stricken children entering kindergarten were sise months behind their wealthy peers in pre-reading skills. (Loucks, Slaby, Stelwagon, 2005).Children of low-income families are as well as much much(prenominal) likely to encounter environmental and health bump factors. (Early pedagogy for All). These risks can potentially impede on a childs politeness for school. For example, children living in poverty throw away been proven to begin kindergarten with significantly less mathematical knowledge than their peers. This would suggest that the preschool experience is a appliance to level the playing field and fully prepare students to succeed in kindergarten (Loucks, Slaby, Stelwagon, 2005). By entering the early grades without having the proper pre-requisite education and skill sets, children flush the risk of falling behind in class. When a student enters kindergarten unprepared, the students risk of grade retention increases, not only in kindergarten, but to a fault in the grade school years to follow. Catching up to the ask advance level becomes harder and harder for the student, and in some cases, the student will plain wear out up and either fail or drop out. annoy to preschool education for these children can help to sloshed the educational achievement gap, and hinder grade retention, by providing these children with the tools and skills necessary to prepare for Kindergarten and beyond. The United States of America prides itself on its educational standards, and even has ratified educational laws which require children to meet proficiency standards in reading and mathematics at certain grade levels, as indicated in the No Child Left Behind Act. The law incentivizes those school districts which show improvement in test get ahead, and enforce corrective actions upon those districts who perpetually fail to improve student proficiencies. Still, these underprivileged children are left behind, and set it continually challenging to catch up, as the school grades progress.A childs odds of academic accomplishment are maximized when attending a high feel preschool program, especially within the lowe r-income communities. This theory has been put to the test. In New island of Jersey lays a group of the thirty one or so poverty stricken districts in the carry called the Abbott Districts. The offer of New Jersey granted these districts a program which pecuniary resource preschool education within the districts to their children in order to close the achievement gap for poverty stricken students. The results were noteworthy, and the funds allocated to this cause were well spent. Children who attended this program improved on their math, lecture and literacy skills. The kindergartners who had previously attended the program closed the academic achievement gap by a remarkable fifty percent between their protest literacy gain and those of the farmingal average (Early Education for All, 2005). These results proved the program to be a great success.Studies stupefy been conducted all over the United States, pertaining to children in poverty and the pro open effect a preschool pr ogram can have on each childs continued education. In a fifteen year follow up study in Chicago, Illinois, children who attended preschool were proven to be significantly more academically successful than their peers who did not attend preschool. At the age of thirteen, this group of childrens academic scores was sixty percent higher than those who did not attend. By the age of twenty, this same group who had attended preschool was thirty percent more likely to shade high school, and forty percent less likely to experience grade retention or be enrolled in special education classes (Early Education for All, 2005). It is important to remember, however, that although the strongest support for the advantages of preschool education indicates that underprivileged children benefit most, all children, regardless of socioeconomic status can benefit academically from a preschool education. When a child has had the privilege of attending a quality preschool program, that child is in any ca se much more likely to adjust socially in adulthood, than those who did not attend a preschool program.According to Loucks, Sharon, Slaby and Stelwagon, those who have attended a quality preschool program are also less likely to have recollective periods of unemployment or welfare, and drop out of school. ( wherefore is preschool essential in finale the achievement gap? par. 1). Adults who attended preschool as a child also have been proven to reduce delinquency and crime throughout adulthood (Barnett, 2008). Preschools are not only about cognitive learning, but they give a formal education to pre-kindergarten aged children on the developmental concepts of interaction with their peers. These lessons stay with the children through the remainder of their life. Without those lessons, many do not develop the social skills needed to succeed in our society. Preschool education is not only beneficial to the individuals who attend the programs, but it also benefits community and the loca l delivery as a whole. Funds invested into preschool programs provide a significant pitch to the community.The RAND Corporation, a non-profit organization which provides objective analysis through surveys and research (The RAND Corporation), belatedly performed a study which found that for every on dollar invested into quality preschool programs for underprivileged children, two dollars and sixty-two cents was returned into the labor force and miserliness (Loucks, Slaby, and Stelwagon, lineage 2005). That is a two hundred and sixty percent return on investment. The direct return on this investment alone is more than becoming to warrant a universal program. This study does not even embroil other potential indirect financial returns. Other financial returns from a public preschool investment would also be present in the get down of state Medicaid costs, law enforcements costs, and other low-income assistance costs, such as forage vouchers, homeless shelters and unemployment p ay, which cost the government and tax payers a significant marrow of money every year. Preschool is a necessary business investment for our economy to yield a higher return rate, than the received K-12 requirements today.The concept of a universal preschool program is not unheard of, not even in the United States. Most state government funded preschool programs are targeted toward children of lower income households. These programs have been put into place in a collaborative effort to close the educational achievement gap that exists in our society. However, some states, and even blameless countries have already begun governmentally funding preschool programs, not just for underprivileged children whose families cannot afford the tuition, but for all pre-kindergarten aged children. In 1998, Oklahoma commandment ruled to make all four year olds eligible for a universal quality pre-kindergarten program (Sacks and embrown Ruzzi, 2005). Of course, a program as significant as this w ould not go without continued research and analysis. In a study performed between 2002 and 2003, significant supporting evidence was found which indicated that the program was a success. The study showed increased academic test scores in the subjects of reading, spelling, writing and mathematics skills (Gormley, Gayer, Phillips and Dawson).Oklahoma is not the only state to equalize education for all children, regardless of their socioeconomic status. With the revenues from a state lottery, and the leadership of, then governor, Zell Miller, Georgia was the first state in the United States to offer a publically funded preschool program (Early Education for All, 2005). Similar to the findings in the study of Oklahomas program, Georgias program was also proven to be successful. A study found that more than octonary percent of students who had attended the program ranked average or higher up upon evaluation third-grade readiness (Sacks and Brown Ruzzi, 2005). A universal preschool prog ram is not just a theory waiting to be tested, it is already in effect in some areas, and is proving its value in this countrys educational achievement.If we do not put into place the appropriate interventions in the society, the educational achievement gap will only widen, costing more and more tax dollars, and most importantly, costing children the equal opportunity of prosperity in this country. This gap can be diminished significantly by providing each and every child in this country with the equal educational opportunity of a quality preschool program. Such a program provides this nations youngsters with the skills they need in order to meet the countries educational standards throughout the span of their education.It is unfortunate that in this land of opportunity and prosperity, that in order to grown and succeed our children are subject to exclusion of such a beneficial educational tool, because of his or her parents inability to afford tuition costs. With our current econo mic status, our children, the future of this nation, must be provided every advantage likely in order to change this economy around. An investment should be make in our future today by providing a constitutional right to a quality and inclusive preschool program to all children.Works CitedLoucks, Sharon, Slaby, Robert, and Stelwagon, Patricia. Why is preschoolessential in closing the achievement gap? Educational leading and Administration Fall 2005 47+. Academic OneFile. Web. 7 Oct. 2012. instrument universal resource locator http//go.galegroup.com.ezp1r.riosalado.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA142874683&v=2.1&u=mccweb_riosalado&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w Strategies for Children. Early Childhood Education A Strategy for closing the Acheivement opening. Spring 2005. Web. 06 Oct. 2012. Document uniform resource locator http//www.strategiesforchildren.org/eea/6research_summaries/07_AchievementGap.pdf Marcon, Rebecca A. Moving up the Grades Relationship between Preschool Model and Later School Succe ss. Early Childhood Research and give 4.1 (2002). 06 October 2012. Document URL . Gormley, William T., Jr., Gayer, Ted, Phillips, Deborah and Dawson, Brittany. The Effects of Universal Pre-K on Cognitive Development. internal Institute for Early Education Research. 06 October 2012. Document URL http//www.crocus.georgetown.edu/reports/oklahoma9z.pdf Barnett, W. S. (2008). Preschool education and its lasting effects Research and policy implications. Boulder and Tempe Education and the Public use up Center & Education Policy Research Unit. Retrieved 10/06/2012 from http//epicpolicy.org/publication/preschooleducationSacks, Lynne and Brown Ruzzi, Betsy (2005). Early Childhood Education Lessons from the States and Abroad 2005. National Center on Education and the Economy. The New Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce. Retrieved 1027/2012. Document URL http//www.ncee.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Early-Childhood-Education.pdf Lacour, Misty and Tissington, Laura D. (2011). The effects of poverty on academic achievement.. Retrieved 11/03/2012. Document URL http//www.academicjournals.org/err/pdf/pdf%202011/july/lacour%20and%20tissington.pdf The RAND Corporation. (n.d.). RAND Corporation Obective Analysis. Effective Solutions. Retrieved November 03, 2012, from The RAND Corperation http//www.rand.org/

In Flanders Fields by John McCrae and Suicide In The Trenches by Siegfried Sassoon Essay

recognise two of the verses you ready studied. Comp are and contrast the different poses to war uttered by the poets and the techniques used to convey them.The two numberss, which I have chosen, are, In Flanders Fields by John McCrae, and self-destruction in the Trenches by Siegfried Sassoon.The poems urinate opposing views to the war. In Flanders Fields we find McCrae taking a positive, nigh religious and precise sensitive view ab place the outcome of war. Whilst in comparison, in Suicide in the Trenches, Sassoon portrays a negative, harsh, cynical and angry view.In Flanders Fields McCrae writes about his views on what happens after dying in war. It is a very personal poem, emphasised by being written use the personal pronouns we and our, rather than impersonal them and their. This involves the reader by in a way, including them in the poem. The poem also imparts a strong tactile sensation of patriotism.McCrae uses controlled, daily language in the poem. The rhyme is ste ady, and flows smoothly, which draws you into the poem, and thats what makes me like it.Between the crosses, lyric on row McCrae uses a lot of repetition. He talks of the crosses on the graves, making sure you realise that there are lots of graves, and how the poppies beat in between. He uses the poppies and the lark as a way of reminding us that we are just like a campaigning season, born, growing, dying, and then being replaced as nature carries on, even if we dontIn the archetypal stanza McCrae mainly describes the scene of the poem.In the second stanza, there isnt enjambement like the first. McCrae uses a caesura in the first line. We are the dead. This forms a distinct break. McCrae is making sure that you stop and take in what he is essay to tell you. It is strongly emphasised, abrupt, and it gets to the point. He continues with no complicated words. The language continues to be plain and simple.Again by using we McCrae includes the reader in the feeling of dawn, seeing the sunset glow, a reference to the start and end of the twenty-four hours , a parody of life.McCrae then goes onto writing about how the soldiers loved, and were loved. The keywords in the convict being were, telling us that they are no more. They can no longer go on loving, or fighting, and are laid to slackening in Flanders Fields.In the third and final stanza, McCrae tells us they have failing hands, elbow room that they are losing strength. The soldiers grow weaker and weaker, then when they die they pass on the flannel mullein, symbolising responsibility, to the soldiers who are stronger. The torch of unity and hope, like the torch at the Olympic games, its symbolic. all(prenominal) the soldiers are being connect together, fighting for something they moot in. McCrae wants new soldiers to carry on fighting for something that they call up in, so that men, who have fought before him, havent fought in vain. They remove to keep the flame in the torch alive.Then McCrae wr ites, The torch, be yours to conquer it high. Telling us to be proud of the torch, hold it up high, be determined. The torch gives an legal tender of right, along with pride. Yet he intimately invents this with what is almost a threat, contrasting life and death, right and wrong. For example, If ye break faith with us who die We shall not sleep,I think that McCraes attitude towards war is brave. He has hope, and thinks that you should fight for your country as your comrades have through with(p) before you. Agree with your country, and keep going till its over. Its a soldiers duty to die for his country. It should be outlaywhile.The poem is patriotic, and has a strong sense of purpose, provided its sad, and yet dignified.Suicide in the Trenches is a alone different poem. Its verses are simple, they have a strong beat, the lines are rhythmical, and have regular rhyming. The poem was written in 1918, in the First World contend, so Sassoon is writing about his experiences.It sta rts attain with the phrase simple solider, using alliteration. The soldier is young, innocent, too young to be fighting, but it seems a pleasant poem. Who grinned at life in free joy, means that the soldier is easily pleased, undemanding, glad with life. When it was dark, and l starsome, the soldier slept through it, happily, he was untroubled, and had nothing to worry about. He got up at the crack of dawn, as the lark does. He was cheerful. This is like a childs impression of war. That a soldier is brave, and not afraid of anything.The second stanza says that in winter, the trenches are full of rain, snow, and conditions are bad. The young soldier feels cowed and glum, to be cowed down, means subdued. This tells us that he has no spirit left, his spirit has all gone. every last(predicate) the joy in his life has been taken away. With crumps and lice crumps are bursting bombs, warfare, the trenches are lice infested. in that location is a lack of rum. The soldiers are issued wit h rum for courage, before they go out and fight, they have some, its a way of keeping their spirits up, but there is even a lack of rum tooThe poem is getting more and more angry. In the same stanza, Sassoon writes, He put up a bullet through his brain. This has a harsh simplicity. We are shock by what Sassoon is writing. This once so pleasant, and untroubled boy, has now found this so hard, that he has taken his own life. It is very abrupt, and comes out of the blue.No one spoke of him again. All his fellow soldiers are ashamed of what he did to himself. He left them, and didnt have to courage to go on. It was a shameful, and belatedly way out. But it was out of shock and horror that he killed himself. I think that also people were ashamed of themselves for not helping him, and that he had to do it as a way out. He felt he had no other option.The third stanza becomes more general. It stops being so personal. We begin to feel what the writer feels, very bitter and angry towards w ar. All the people at home, were thinking they knew everything about the war, when they didnt have to go through what the soldiers were going through. They didnt have any experience of the naive realism of war. They dress up the war and the truth is hidden.They are Smug, content people, who will send other people off to war, but wouldnt go themselves. Kindling eye is a way of pointing out their excitement, getting a fire going, that they are lit up with enthusiasm for war, which they wont fight. The people are hiding away from what the soldiers have to do.War is hell. War has taken away all the soldiers youth and jest goes. There is no laughter in war. The men dont get to live their youth, and have to fight, and kill.The two poems are therefore totally different, but they have the same structure. The both(prenominal) have three stanzas, and have generally got a steady beat throughout. They have opposite meanings. They both start off pleasant, and Flanders Fields stays that way, it is sad but with a positive outlook on the way. But Sassoons Suicide in the trenches changes abruptly and becomes very negative.They both talk about death, but in totally opposite ways, In Flanders Fields says it is worth dying for your country, and what you believe in. But on the other hand, Suicide in the Trenches says it isnt worth going through the hell of war, and losing your life for nothing.They are both very personal poems, even though Sassoons becomes less personal towards the end. twain the poets have lived through war, and both the poems were written in the same year, during WW1. some(prenominal) the poems have simple, easy to understand, everyday language.

Business Ethics of Kfc

BUSINESS ETHICS 2011 Report Sunderland Business tame at a lower placegraduate Programs Name Lanny Chew Jun Kheong Identification Number 880328-52-5707 Student ID 109129662/1 Tel. Number 016-8515159 E-mail email entertained com Study Centre SEGi College Sarawak Module Business object lessons Code UGB210 Module Tutor Ms. Adeline Academic Year 2011 EXECUTIVE synopsis This name was micturated as an audit report providing a snapshot of KFCs course ethical motive. First, the informant slited with the ethical dilemma of KFC which include poor reference products, sensual abuse and poor deviseings conditions.Identification of ethical dilemmas is important where lot foundation k without delay ab unwrap the ugly truths that KFC was practicing. The report is followed with a give-and- hold back of the immenseness of the ethical dilemma of KFC and marchs taken by KFC to solve the problems. Under this section the relevant theories to a greater extent than(prenominal) than(p renominal) as utilitarianism, egoism, f zephyrness be intelligibly explain with real utilizations in this report. Although there ar pros and cons, KFC has in amplification trust best pieces. This third section c anyplaceed up a fewer ad unsloped such(prenominal)(prenominal) as hope, love and caring that KFC is practicing by fighting(a) in merged Social Responsibility (CSR) and constructed tag of conduct.Even though action has been taken, it as well can non solve the dilemma. So, the author has offer recommendation for KFC as reference. This report was ended with a conclusion. CONTENT PAGE ASSIGNMENT style PAGE i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ii CONTENT troika 1. 0 entrance itinerary 1 1. 1COMPANY PROFILE 1 2. 0 honourable DILEMMAS 2 . 1 POOR character reference PRODUCTS 2 2. 2 wolf ABUSE 4 2. 3 POOR WORKING CONDITIONS 4 3. 0 IMPORTANCES OF THESE DILEMMAS AND ACTION TAKEN BY KFC 5 3. 1 PRODUCTS spirit benefit 5 3. 2 ANIMAL WELFARE ISSUES 7 3. 3 present UNION 9 4. 0 KF C BEST PRACTISES AND VALUES 11 4. 1 CORPORATE SOCIAL indebtedness (CSR) 11 4. 2 take a shit appendr CODE OF behaviour 12 5. 0 RECOMMENDATION 13 5. 1 GO FOR ORGANIC 13 6. 0 CONCLUSION 14 accessory 1 15 supplement 2 21LIST OF REFERENCES 24 1. 0 INTRODUCTION This report was adoptd to analyze the occupation ethics of Kentucky Fried moaner (KFC). First, the report aimed with a brief description on the company back priming. Next, it is go a desire with appointment of the ethical dilemmas poor tincture products, creature abuse and poor acetifying condition of KFC, provided from stakeholder analysis and ex angstrom unitles from their history. After that, the report moved on to the importance of the mentioned ethical dilemmas and how KFC is dealing with it. The actions taken argon product character improvement, animal eudaemonia issues and establish union.This include the application of the various ethical theories. Then, it is continued with the good side of KFC when the a nalysis was take on KFC best practices and appreciates that KFC be practicing. It included integrated Social Value (CSR) where they offe deprivation Projek Penyayang KFC in Malaysia and Colonels Scholar Program, practicing the apprise of hope and love and established supplier legislation of conduct by practicing the value of justice. Further, the author put on adapted recommendations for KFC such as Go for radical, with the hope that the plan recommended can attention KFC in expanding their business towards a brighter future.Lastly, this report was closed in(p) up with a conclusion justifying the essentialness of business ethics. 1. 1 COMPANY BACKGROUND KFC, instaled and also cognise as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is a chain of fast nutrient eating houses based in Louisville, Kentucky and is now one of the well-known fast fargon restaurants which operates in to a greater extent than 11,000 runneres in more(prenominal)(prenominal) than 80 nations and territories by dint of come to the fore the terra firma. Examples are UK, chin advised, Thailand, Malaysia, Kuwait, Spain and Barbados, Puerto Rico, Pakistan and umpteen more.KFC turn outed with Colonel Harland Sanders who grew up to set out a personage the world known as Colonel Sanders throughout the years, disc all overed his penchant for readying when he was gravelyly 9 years old. KFC is now regarded as the virtu every(prenominal)y grumbler restaurant chain providing a special mouth watering taste deep-fried scandalmongering that cannot be replaced with chickens natural juices sealed-in leaving KFC with pride as a fast- regimen restaurant that provide customers with a selection of home-styled side dishes and desserts such as coleslaw and ice-creams to make a tot every(prenominal)ysome, complete and satisfying meal scorn solitary(prenominal) armed service great tasting chicken (http//www. fc. com). (Refer to adjunct I). 2. 0 ETHICAL DILEMMAS According to Lee Flamand (eHow, 2011) , an ethical dilemma is a internet site wherein moral precepts or ethical obligations conflict in such a way that any possible resolution to the dilemma is mor tout ensembley intolerable. In separate words, an ethical dilemma is any situation in which point moral principles cannot determine which course of action is right or wrong. (http//www. eHow. com) The contest between fast fare restaurants is change magnitude where KFC primary(prenominal)tain to come out with more choices of selection to fitting the demand of their patrons.At the similar time, they look at to specify of ways to make more sales, cut costs, and basically increase the dinero of the firms and faced many another(prenominal) ethical dilemmas adverting their products and consumers during the transition. The ethical dilemmas include poor fiber products, animal abuse and poor laming conditions. 2. 1 POOR QUALITY PRODUCTS David Ludwig (2009), director of a Boston childrens hospital said that fast- f odder outgo has been shown to add calorie intake, promote weight gain, and elevate risk for diabetes (http//www. the unseasonedwellness. com).Fast sustenance is usually un legal, andcan often leadto loyal consumers having weight problems. This affaire got lash to KFC where in year 2006, KFC was cosmos sued for frying its chicken with preparedness oils that contain Trans- blues, which can contri exactlye to sum of money disease and diabetes. According to mayonnaise Clinic, trans fat is also called trans-fatty acids and assumed by some doctors to be the worst type of fat which both raises bad (LDL) cholesterol and lowers good (HDL) cholesterol. A high LDL cholesterol level in combination with a low HDL cholesterol level increases the risk of getting heart disease (http//www. ayoclinic. com). Trans fat is bad that it boosts the risk of coronary disease and corporation should only consume no more than 2 g per daylight. However, KFC claimed its products satiate or exceed all government regulations. But as the shopping center for Science in the Public Interest, the activist group behind the lawsuit, points out, a three-piece extra-crispy combo meal, which is called dinner-plate in Malaysia, contains 15 g of trans fat which is more than a person should ingest (Time magazine, 2006).In China, some of the outlets in Xianyang city were organismness acc apply for victimisation the same frying oil to fry chickens up to 10 days and this can cause cancer (http//www. chinadaily. com. cn). Furthermore, other examples such as customers cut her tongue and mouth after plastic was been frame when she consumed coleslaw, bloody bandage found under KFC baked beans, worms discover in sandwiches, children became sick after eating KFC in Colorado, proved that KFC poor quality products issue has achieving a very dangerous level (http//www. kfcmademesick. com/). Added on, some KFC outlets were horizontal military postured to contain compensation for injuries.Example KF C in Plymouth has been fined $13,000 for selling raw chicken to their customers (http//www. dailyrecord. co. uk). In year 2009, KFC in central London faced feed hygiene charges with the eccentric persons where countless sighting of cockroaches, mice, rats and flies tent-flying ahead was found when an investigation was done in the city. The owner has been fined ? 20,000 and was asked for temporary shop closed down (http//www. caterersearch. com). 2. 2 ANIMAL ABUSE Since the late 1990s, KFC faced tough protests by People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), an animal rights protection organization.The unseemly breeding of birds combined with improper on the job(p) conditions of workers and lack of ethically efficacious operation processes led to improper practices in KFCs suppliers poultry farms. According to Donald G. McNeil Jr. who promulgated his article in tender York Times in 2004, an animal rights group involved in a long levelheaded dispute with KFC released a vide otape showing mass murder workers for one supplier jumping up and down on resist chickens, drop-kicking them like footballs and slamming them into walls, apparently for fun.Furthermore, other acts of cruelty which include suffocate a chicken by tying a latex hand over its head, workers tearing beaks off, spitting tobacco juice into birds mouths, ripping a birds head off to write graffiti in blood, plucking feathers to make it snow, and squeeze birds like water balloons to spray feces over other birds were all saw by an under investigator who works for the company (http//www. thenazareneway. com). KFC suppliers unconstipated cram birds into gigantic waste-filled factories, breed and drug them to grow so spacious until the chicken could not even walk, and often break their wings and legs.The chickens throats were pussycat and they were dropped into tanks of scalding-hot wateroften while they were still conscious during slaughtering process (http//www. kentuckyfriedcruelty. co m/). As a result KFC was accused of animal abuseby PETA, on the suppliers farm. 2. 3 POOR WORKING CONDITIONS Poor working conditions is everlastingly an issue for KFC especially for the branches located in big countries such US, India and China. In US, workers in Pilgrims Pride Poultry farm did animal abused action just to alleviate boredom or acquittance frustrations especially when so many chickens were coming in that they would pay off to work late (http//www. henazareneway. com). On the other hand, according to the city government of Guangzhou, China effective from January 1 year 2006, the minimum wage for part-time labour party beat by local regulations is at 7. 5 Yuan per mo in big cities such as Guangzhou but KFC only paying them with 5. 5 Yuan. KFC were bombarded for this contract as it had violated the legal rights of employees. KFC allegedly force part-time employees to work the same hours as all-embracing-time staff but fail to pay them any of the benefits to which full-time staff are entitled.Adding on, employees who work more than five hours a day and 30 hours a hebdomad should be treated as full-time staff and nab the same fringe benefits according to the mainland laws. However, the Guangdong stab authoritys clarification indicates that part-time working students are not protected by the law, which is a relief for the employers involved. It was extremely beneath the belt for those part-timers (China Business, 2006). 3. 0 IMPORTANCES OF THESE DILEMMAS AND ACTION TAKEN BY KFC According to De George, R.T who has written in his book entitled Business Ethics (5th Edition) in year 1999, he declares that an ethical dilemma occurs when the choice is defined un clear between alternative actions with moral content. Whether a specific behavior is right or wrong, ethical or unethical is often determined by the soak up-to doe with stakeholders and an individuals personal ethics. As a result, values, judgments, and complex situations all play a cr itical role in ethical decision making. 3. 1 PRODUCTS QUALITY IMPROVEMENTThe reason KFC using trans oil at first because the diet produced is much tastier. Trans oil which is introduced in 1990s, claims that it is suitable to substitute natural oil and healthy. It has break away performances under high heat, longer shelf life and also it is cheaper (http//www. msnbc. msn. com). For example The crispy fried chicken is resulted crispier when frying with trans oil. Here, it is very clear that KFC has a bad judgment in choosing the types of oil to be used and caused them being sued on their judgment.KFC also fight as activist stakeholder where by using trans oil which is cheaper, they believe their enthronization provide giving them a good return in profit. In these new era with full of humming and stressful lifestyle, so as dual-working families where both parents are oblige to work to increase the income of a family, more and more people are full dependent on quick meal soluti ons and nearly give choose for fast food. Fast food such as KFC is not only a fast food restaurant, but the brand- KFC and their products have highly befall a place in everyones life as it genuinely helps in saving a meal-preparation time.Although people start to be more health conscious of having good health and body figures, fast food especially KFC may cause obesity according to research. Health Organizations in most development countries such as U. S, and U. K, have started to encourage their citizens to concern more round their having healthy life by having nutritious meal. Since KFC started their operations and expanded their business globally, the chicken-meal they offered, only gains a bad image and nature of a fast food that provides greasy unhealthy food.Fast food has the strength to partake directly and visibly on peoples well-being like obesity. With this case, KFC practice the hypothesis of utilitarianism which is also called the greatest cheer principle wher e they have taken an action which results greatest criterion of people receiving the greatest amount of good. So, KFC came out with Kentucky Grilled Chicken which is marinated with savory blend of secret herbs and slow-grilled to juicy perfection. This new product has fewer fat grams, fewer calories, and less sodium than authoritative recipe chicken.Besides, all KFC chicken products practice Zero Grams Trans Fat per serving where they have found the perfect recipe by incorporating the Colonels 11 herbs and spices with a new cooking oil that contains zero grams of trans fat. Beside fried chicken, many others favorite KFC side dishes such as mashed potatoes and wages are now served with zero grams of trans fat (http//www. kfc. com). KFCs new products and Zero Grams Trans Fat plans have help them to push up their brand where they tend to promote happiness through serving customers with nutrient food and it is also a breach option for health-conscious customers.According to Brooks an d Dunn (2009), The ethically correct action is the one that will produce the greatest amount of pleasure or the least amount of pain. 3. 2 ANIMAL WELFARE ISSUES Since the case of animal abuse being explored to the world, KFC faced the toughest challenge in where it heated up the in the public eye(predicate) cognizance towards the animal welfare. People all around the world started to be concerned around this issue as KFC has their branches worldwide. Animal abuse case occurred huge ruckus by the public has caused the corporation to lose their image and their reputations are highly damaged because of the law stated by PETA.After the incident, stakeholders expectations and demands regarding the regularize guidelines of animal treatment were also increased. The case not only affect the business all over the world, but also its brand (KFC) reputation, derangement and profit as KFC has their branches in most of the countries and hence, caused the significant impacts on the descen t between contemporary organization such as McDonald, Burger King, Wendy and Safe-way as they also afraid that KFC might drag them down, their shareholders such as the owners of each KFC branch restaurants and at last public opinion.Just like other fast food chain, KFC seems seek to minimize their budget and hence maximize their profits without considering their suppliers and customers preferably they should put on priority on the importance of ethics. Suppliers just did what requested by KFC without thinking their negative impacts when requisition for chickens meat increased. Here, KFC react brilliantly where they did not run away from reality as some(prenominal) actions had been taken to chastise the problems and tried to make the issue a instruction history for all.KFC took an immediate responds and developed a series of plan to overcome the problems and this action has become a trend for KFC in the future. When receiving a fiddling pressure from PETA, KFC Canada agreed to a historic new animal welfare plan that they became the first major restaurant chain ever in whole world to purchase all of its meat exclusively from controlled-atmosphere cleanup spot (CAK) slaughterhouses and dramatically the lives and deaths of millions of chickens for Canada. http//www. thepoultrysite. com. ) CAK is a method of slaughtering poultry where chickens do not adjoin when being removed from the crates,hung upside down, shackled, bled, and scalded in defeathering tanks which leads to struggling, stress, and broken wings. The processes work the type O in the transport cages is replaced with other gasses such as carbon dioxide, argon or nitrogen to gently put them into sleeping mode.The birds reach from the lack of oxygen, and are dead in the lead they are ever handled by slaughterhouse workers (http//animalrights. about. com/). Besides, there are no chances for workers to abuse the chicken as they never have to chance to handle live chickens in CAK. This process e ven provide with better results when workers do not need to seek with flapping, scratching, vomiting, and defecating chickens, lights can be kept bright throughout the process and the air maintain at its cleanliness level (http//www. peta. org/).As stated clearly in KFC main website, all suppliers must comply with the KFC policy which is they are strictly not allowed to use hormones and steroids for any purposes, including improving growth in chickens due to the genetically engineered for faster growth and antibiotics are strictly prohibited. To show their sincerity in transformation, KFC even formed the KFC Animal Welfare Advisory Council, which consists of highly regarded experts in the field who will provide information and advice based on relevant data and scientific research which has been a key factor in formulating their animal welfare program.To rebuild the public confidence towards KFC, the company allowed PETA to analyze its animal welfare audit forms every six months (h ttp//www. kfc. com). 3. 3 ESTABLISH UNION Employees play one of the most important characters in the whole process. Without these people, KFC might not have such a huge winner in their business until today. After the incident of underpaying their part-time workers inGuangzhou, they set up trade union branches across the province.This incident has highly touched(p) up people awareness to protect human rights especially in China when media from imprint, Taiyuan, Tianjin, Fuzhou and Beijing reported similar findings and have caused uproar across China. Furthermore, the unfair treatment to employees increased when labor officials in Shanghai claimed that they have not found any regulations in KFC outlets as the rules in Shanghai do not apply to part-time or to student.The unclear stipulations on the rights and benefits of part-time or student employees modify KFC to make use of the legal loopholes as all fast-food restaurants are profit-making enterprises that wish to earn more profi ts by taking advantage on their part-time employees. KFC practice the theory of egoism here as the company only care about themselves rather than considering about its employees profits. Cheating part-time workers is also a greenness practice in the US because companies take advantage of the fact that most part-timers are young, inexperienced and lack representation.These businesses should be needful to adhere to the rules and regulations of the multitude country, said TangXiaojing to China Daily in year 2007. This whole case also tells China and the world that people have to be aware of the unequal situation for laborers in China, and to wonder why the legislation is always so vulnerable (http//www. china. org. cn) In return, KFC claimed that they would took things seriously by looking foregoing into the situations and will approached the local trade union of the city for guidance of set up the trade union.KFC has applied the theories of fairness here where everyone has been fr ee to receive rewards for their efforts, which is also known as procedural justice (Beauchamp amp Bowie, 1997). The hot seat of Yum Brands Inc promised that KFC will accept every statements ruling Chinese government makes over its alleged illegal exploitation of part-time staffs in China. And they would do whatsoever is requested by the trade union after they have cogitate their investigations into the employment of KFCs part-time workers.Besides, trade union in several(prenominal) cities in China will work together with local labor and social security departments to investigate the entire fast food restaurants in China which were suspected to have similar unlawful behavior to protect the rights of employees. With the cooperation between KFC and members of All China Federation of Trade Union to establish KFC own union, the author believes the cases of unfair treatment to employees will be bring down and KFC branches in China will be the manikin for other KFC in other countries (http//www. china. org. cn). 4. 0 KFC BEST PRACTISES AND VALUES 4. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) The brand KFC has been carved in peoples heart as one of the best fried chicken restaurant and in return, KFC participated themselves in CSR as CSR is all about how a company manages the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society (http//www. mallenbaker. net) Refer to Appendix II. KFC takes its CSR priority faithfully and makes a dedicated effort to fulfill its tasks in every area including the community, education, diversity, market place, workplace, and animal welfare which is also benefiting to all including its stakeholders.CSR which is also claimed to be a marketing purpose is logically captured in the new definition of marketing answered by the American Marketing joining (2004) which stated marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relatio nships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. KFC practiced the value of Hope and Love. In Malaysia, KFC Malaysia has set up Projek Penyayang as appreciation for greatly offer by the Malaysian. Project Penyayang which was founded in 1995, was purposely developed to provide food to a total of 80 homes every quarter to enable thousands of orphans and underprivileged to enjoy KFC meals. With a heart of caring, KFC fulfill the hope of orphans who wished to have KFC. Tabung Penyayang KFC which is a unique caudex representing a percentage of revenue generated from sales of KFCs Kids Fun Meals was set as a charity fund to help children and needy through various CSR Program. Adding on, all the programs also included donation, charity, and organize open house dinner particularly to those less fortunate, patriarchal and orphaned (http//www. fc. com. my). Caring is about wanting another person to stick with and do well in life and their career. With a heart of caring, KFC cares about students education. KFC create a fund Colonels Scholars, offering scholarships for entrepreneurial disgust and strong perseverance high school seniors who need financial helps to support their school fees in their study career. Students who are selected will received up to $ 20,000 to receive a bachelor degree program in the university the students have chosen inside their cities only (http//www. kfcscholars. org/). 4. ESTABLISH SUPPLIER CODE OF CONDUCT KFC practice the value of justice where they protect the rights and punish the wrongs. Supplier code of conduct is established by KFC U. S. which is committed to protect all U. S. suppliers employees rights by conducting its business towards legal, ethical and socially responsible manner. All KFC suppliers are required to follow and abide by all applicable laws, codes or regulations which includes not limited to any local, state or federal laws regarding wages and benefits, employees compensation, working hours, equ al opportunity, worker and product safety.All suppliers are expected to confirm their practices to the published standards for their industry in order to get the contract to supply goods to KFC. Staffs of suppliers are protected in many areas where they must have safe and healthy working conditions and working schedules, non-discrimination occurs in industry, child labor issue where employees below 14 years old are strictly prohibited from working, forced and indentured labor and lastly notification to employees where notices of policies can be clearly explained to them.With addition, suppliers who are failed to follow the Code may cause them to disciplinary action which might include the termination of the Supplier relationship with KFC. KFC pay full respect to all the employees as they work for suppliers who supply chicken meats and goods for KFC who claimed to be working indirectly for KFC. 5. 0 RECOMMENDATION Marketing strategy used to be very important in a business as a well- planned marketing strategy helps a business to earn more profitability, well-known brand mark and loyalty from customers.As time goes by, marketing strategy cannot be dependent on just coming together the needs and demands of all stakeholders. KFC should now by right focus on how to deliver a better service and products quality to customers as the brand KFC has already been recognised by everyone in the world. 5. 1 GO FOR ORGANIC Emphasizes should be done on consumer health, products quality and social responsibility initiatives as people start conscious about having good health and enough nutrients. When people start going for organic, KFC should go for it too thorough products and other ingredients are openhanded without the use of pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, sewage sludge, genetically modified organisms, or ionizing radiation. Organic meat, poultry, eggs, and dairy products are come from animals such as chickens and cows that do not take antibiotics or growth hormones ( http//organic. org). Going for organic food products will increase the modal of production and it needs a long period of time for this huge transformation as there are few steps that have to be followed.According to USDA National Organic Program (NOP), a Government-approved certifier will inspect the farm where the food is heavy(a) to make sure the farmer is following all the rules necessary to meet USDA organic standards before a product can be labeled organic,. Companies that handle or process organic food before it gets to your local supermarket or restaurant must be certified, too.On the other hand, it will be the gruellingest decision for KFC as they have to do surveys and raise consideration whether the program is suitable for every KFC branches in the whole world as KFC have to reconsider about looking for new trustable suppliers that can continuously provide organic food and it is tough. KFC can always start slowly from the beginning by providing several choices from orga nic food such as organic salad, organic soya bean drink instead of carbonated flavored drinks, and mashed potatoes made from organic potatoes.If the program run with success, KFC will become the first ever fast food chain that provides organic food products and the author strongly believes that the strategic planning will surely increase the sales of KFC and gaining more profit although KFC products will be sell at higher prices due to highly increased modal. 6. 0 CONCLUSION Conclusion, ethics is definitely necessary for a business to grow successfully, become more significant and more organized. A business can highly impact on the peoples lives and circumstances through providing jobs, life organization, creating wealthiness and inspiring others to grow their own business.Therefore, the business maybe ruined and leaves it with a bad reputation if an organization is not having a proper rationality on business ethics. From bad to good, KFC has gone through every hard time and now m oving towards a better future when they finally overcome most of its ethical issues. People do make mistakes and gip from mistakes so as KFC. KFC will learn from their mistakes and make the mistakes to the power of change. The author strongly believe that KFC will do their best in meeting everyones need and KFC will become the first priority for every human when they thinking of nice and tasty fried chicken.KFC So approximate APPENDIX 1 KFC HISTORY and PRODUCTS KFC HISTORY-AT-A-GLANCE 9/9/1890 Harland Sanders is born just outside Henryville, Indiana. 1900-1924 Harland Sanders holds a variety of jobs including farm hand, streetcar conductor, army snobbish in Cuba, blacksmiths helper, railyard fireman, insurance salesman, tire salesman and service send out operator for criterion Oil. 1930 In the midst of the depression, Harland Sanders opens his first restaurant in the small calculate room of a gas station in Corbin, Kentucky. Sanders serves as station operator, chief cook and cashier and names the dining area Sanders tribunal & coffee shop. 1936 Kentucky Governor Ruby Laffoon makes Harland Sanders an honorary Kentucky Colonel in recognition of his contributions to the states cuisine. 1937 The Sanders tourist court amp Cafe adds a motel and expands the restaurant to 142 seats. 1939 The Sanders Court amp Cafe is first listed in Duncan Hines Adventures in ethical Eating. Fire destroys The Sanders Court & Cafe, but it is rebuilt and reopened. The pressure cooker is introduced. Soon thereafter Colonel Sanders begins using it to fry his chicken to give customers fresh chicken, faster. 1940Birthdate of the Original Recipe 1949 Sanders marries Claudia Price. 1952 The Colonel begins actively franchising his chicken business by traveling from town to town and cooking batches of chicken for restaurant owners and employees. The Colonel awards Pete Harman of Salt Lake City with the first KFC franchise. A handshake agreement stipulates a payment of a nickel to Sanders for each chicken sold. 1955 An interstate main road is built to bypass Corbin, Kentucky. Sanders sells the service station on the same day that he receives his first social security check for $105.After paying debts owed, he is virtually broke. He decides to go on the road to sell his privy Recipe to restaurants. 1957 Kentucky Fried Chicken first sold in buckets 1960 The Colonels hard work on the road begins to pay off and there are 190 KFC franchisees and 400 franchise units in the U. S. and Canada. 1964 Kentucky Fried Chicken has more than 600 franchised outlets in the United States, Canada and the first overseas outlet, in England. Sanders sells his interest in the U. S. company for $2 million to a group of investors headed by trick Y. Brown Jr. , future governor of Kentucky.The Colonel remains a public spokesman for the company. 1965 Colonel Sanders receives the Horatio Alger Award from the American Schools and Colleges Association. 1966 The Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation goes public. 1969 The Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. 1971 More than 3,500 franchised and company-owned restaurants are in worldwide operation when Heublein Inc. acquires KFC Corporation. 1976 An independent survey ranks the Colonel as the worlds second most recognizable celebrity. 1977 Colonel Sanders speaks before a U. S.Congressional Committee on Aging. 1979 KFC cooks up 2. 7 gazillion pieces of chicken. There are approximately 6,000 KFC restaurants worldwide with sales of more than $2 billion. 12/16/1980 Colonel Harland Sanders, who came to symbolize quality in the food industry, dies after being stricken with leukemia. Flags on all Kentucky state buildings fly at half-staff for four days. 1982 Kentucky Fried Chicken becomes a subsidiary of R. J. Reynolds Industries, Inc. (now RJR Nabisco, Inc. ) when Heublein, Inc. is acquired by Reynolds. 1986 PepsiCo, Inc. acquires KFC from RJR Nabisco, Inc. 1997 PepsiCo, Inc. nnounce s the spin-off of its quick service restaurants KFC, Taco Bell and Pizza chanty into Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc. 2002 Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc. , the worlds largest restaurant company, changes its corporate name to YUM Brands, Inc. In addition to KFC, the company owns AampW All-American Food Restaurants, Long posterior Silvers, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell restaurants. 2006 More than a billion of the Colonels finger lickin good chicken dinners are served annually in more than 80 countries and territories around the world. 2007 KFC proudly introduces a new recipe that keeps the Colonels 11 herbs and pices and finger-lickin flavor, but contains Zero Grams of Trans Fat per serving thanks to new cooking oil. 2008 The Colonel has a new look KFC updates one of the most recognized, respected and dear brand icons with a new logo. The new logo depicts Colonel Sanders with his signature wagon train tie, but for the first time, replaces his classic white, double-breasted suit with a red apron. The apron symbolizes the home-style culinary heritage of the brand and reminds customers that KFC is always in the kitchen cooking delicious, high-quality, freshly prepared chicken by hand, just the way Colonel Sanders did 50 years ago. 009 KFC introduces Kentucky Grilled Chicken a better-for-you option for health conscious consumers who love the flavor of KFC. Kentucky Grilled Chicken has less calories, fat and sodium than KFCs Original Recipe chicken, without sacrificing the great taste of KFC. APPENDIX 2 incarnate social responsibility What does it mean? By Mallen baker First published 8 Jun 2004 One of the most frequently asked questions at this site and probably for all those individuals and organizations dealing with CSR issues is the obvious just what does Corporate Social Responsibility mean anyway?Is it a stalking horse for an anti-corporate schedule? Something which, like original sin, you can never escape? Or what? diverse organizations have framed dif ferent definitions although there is considerable common ground between them. My own definition is thatCSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society. Take the following model Companies need to answer to dickens aspects of their operations. 1. The quality of their management both in terms of people and processes (the inner cockroach). 2.The nature of, and quantity of their impact on society in the various areas. Outside stakeholders are taking an increasing interest in the activity of the company. Most look to the outer circle what the company has actually done, good or bad, in terms of its products and services, in terms of its impact on the surround and on local communities, or in how it treats and develops its workforce. Out of the various stakeholders, it is financial analysts who are predominantly pore as well as past financial performance on quality of management as an indicator of likely future performance.Ot her definitions The gentleman Business Council for Sustainable Development in its publication Making Good Business Senseby Lord Holme and Richard Watts, used the following definition. Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to brook ethically and make to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large The same report gave some tell apart of the different perceptions of what this should mean from a number of different societies across the world.Definitions as different asCSR is about capacity building for sustainable livelihoods. It reckon cultural differences and finds the business opportunities in building the skills of employees, the community and the governmentfrom Ghana, through toCSR is about business giving back to societyfrom the Philippines. Traditionally in the United States, CSR has been defined much more in terms of a philanthropic mode l. Companies make profits, unhindered except by fulfilling their duty to pay taxes. Then they donate a certain share of the profits to gentle causes.It is seen as tainting the act for the company to receive any benefit from the giving. The European model is much more focused on operating the shopping mall business in a socially responsible way, complemented by investment in communities for solid business case reasons. Personally, I believe this model is more sustainable because 1. Social responsibility becomes an integral part of the wealth creation process which if managed properly should enhance the competitiveness of business and maximize the value of wealth creation to society. 2.When times get hard, there is the inducement to practice CSR more and better if it is a philanthropic exercise which is fringy to the main business, it will always be the first thing to go when push comes to shove. But as with any process based on the collective activities of communities of human beings (as companies are) there is no one size fits all. In different countries, there will be different priorities, and values that will shape how business act. And even the observations above are changing over time. The US has growing numbers of people looking towards core out business issues.For instance, the CSR definition used by Business for Social Responsibility is run a business in a manner that meets or exceeds the ethical, legal, technical and public expectations that society has of business. On the other hand, the European Commission hedges its bets with two definitions wrapped into one A conceit whereby companies decide voluntarily to contribute to a better society and a cleaner environment. A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis. When you review each of these, they loosely agree that the definition now focuses on the impact of how you manage your core business. Some go further than others in prescribing how far companies go beyond managing their own impact into the terrain of acting specifically outside of that focus to make a contribution to the achievement of broader societal goals. It is a key difference, when many business leaders feel that their companies are ill equipped to tail broader societal goals, and activists argue that companies have no democratic legitimacy to take such roles. That particular debate will continue.LIST OF REFERENCES Book Crane, A. and Matten, D. 2007,Business Ethics Managing Corporate Citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization, 2nd Edition, Oxford University Press Inc. , New York, accessed on fifteenth celestial latitude 2009, available. Book Frederick R. E. , A Companion To Business Ethics Wiley-Blackwell, August 9 2002, accessed on 15th December 2009, available. Book J. Brooks, L. & Dunn, P. (2009), Business & nonrecreational Ethics for Directors, Executiv e & Accountants 5thedition, Cengage Learning (2009), accessed on twelfth December 2009, available. Book Managing information technology in a global environment2001 Information Resources Management Association International Conference, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, May 20-23, 2001, accessed on eleventh December 2009, available. Online http//animalethics. blogspot. com/2009/10/h-b-acton-1908-1974-on-animal-rights. html, accessed on 9th December 2009, available. Online http//animalrights. about. com/od/animalsusedforfood/f/Controlled-Atmosphere-Killing-What-Is-Controlled-Atmosphere-Killing. htm, accessed on 11th December 2009, available. Online http//www. atimes. om/atimes/China_Business/ID20Cb02. html, accessed on 11th December 2009, available. Online http//www. caterersearch. com/Articles/29/10/2009/330646/Leicester-Square-KFC-faces-13-food-hygiene-charges. htm, accessed on 15thDecember 2009, available. Online http//www. china. org. cn/ slope/China/206787. htm, accessed on 10th Decemb er 2009, available. Online http//www. china. org. cn/english/China/206640. htm, accessed on 10th December 2009, available. Online http//www. china. org. cn/english/BAT/205948. htm, accessed on 10th December 2009, available. Online http//www. hina. org. cn/english/China/208113. htm, accessed on 10th December 2009, available. Online http//www. chinadaily. com. cn/china/2007-03/09/content_823985. htm, accessed on 14th December 2009, available. Online http//www. darkztar. com/forum/showthread. php? 52669-The-ethical-dilemmas-of-fast-food-industries, accessed on seventh December 2009, available. Online http//www. ehow. com/about_5481837_ethical-dilemma_. htmlixzz1f0HrybvU, accessed on 8th December 2009, available. Online http//edwardkhoo. com/kentucky-fried-chicken-kfc-animal-cruelty/, accessed

8th Grade Curriculum Essay

unit of measurement monetary standardSkillsAssessment, Projects & Resources unit of measurement 1 (Short Stories) narration and booksA. FluencyB. phrase ExpansionC. ComprehensionD. LiteratureB1. Acquire, conceive, and design verbiage through explicict and indirect diction management and independent reading.B2. view the sum of unknown invents by utilize a lexicon or con textbook editionual matter clues.B3. Recognize and stand for enunciates with four-fold meanings.B4. specify the influences of otherwise languages on the English phraseology.B5. assume knowledge of Hellenic and Latin roots, prefixes and suffixes to understand content area vocabulary.B6. ensconce word meanings by give definition, restatement, example, proportion or contrast.B7. Identify and let off analogies, similes and metaphors.B8. Apply train word orthoepy and inflection.C1. Summarize and paraphrase principal(prenominal) idea and tolerateing expandC2. reject and go for prior learning and preview text to put together for reading.C3. Comprehend, interpret and evaluate entropy in a variant of texts employ a combination of strategiesC4. Make inferences and draw conclusions based on unadorned and implied cultureC7. Use knowledge of chronicle and expository textstructures in a variation of content areas to summarize nurture.C10 Monitor cellular inclusion and recitation strategies to wrap up understanding of the selection.C13. Identify and utilize a salmagundi of sources to study and contrast information.C14. Critically read and evaluate to determine the informants purpose, point of view, audience and message.D1. Read a florilegium of tall bore literature.D2. Analyze and evaluate relationships among elements of fiction.D4. Analyze and evaluate how rhetorical language and literary devices contri ande to the meaning of the text.D5. Contrast points of view in narrative texts and explain how they affect the overall them of the bends.D6. Relate a effron tery literary work to diachronical events.D8. Identify and understand recurrng themes across literary whole kit and boodle and historic eras.D12. serve to literature utilize ideas and exposit from text to support reactions and retrace literary connections.D13 Read from and respond to a physical body of fiction, poetic, and nonfiction texts of change magnitude complexness for personal enjoyment. A. Accelerated Reader-30 minutes a sidereal dayB. psychoanalyze of Latin and Hellenic word parts boy Maps-Creating a pictorial organizer including the etymology of the word, examples of how vocabulary words are used, meaty sentence, synonyms, word portrayal clue account book Posters come apartment Greek and Latin term Parts.C. Elements of Literature Short tommyrot Collection 1Plot and Setting periodic Warm-Ups-Written Responses to PoetryReadThe Treasure of Lemon BrownThe Inn of disjointed TimeThe Monkeys PawAunty reversenonfictional prose interlingual rendition Strategie s- KWL, Main Idea, Supporting Details-Notetaking Sheet nonfictional prose Article on Harlem-Background Information before reading The Treasure of Lemon Brown Nonfiction Article on Samurai Warriors-Background Information before reading The Inn of preoccupied Time brilliant organizersPlot and Setting Story Map, Setting Map(weather, time, customs, issue on character, etc.), Imagery Wheel, Plot Outline, Cause and Effect Chart woof Tests sixfold Choice Test with raise Questioneighth brand linguistic process arts broadcast Map 2010 pg. 2wholeStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 1 (Short Stories) piece of musicA. Types of make-upB. Elements of patchC. Spelling, Grammar, and UsageD. queryE. Hand paternity and Word ProcessingA1. publish often in a variety of forms, including but not limited to the pastime poetry, stories, screens, editorials, letters, directions andresearch reports.B1. build sixfold paragraph compositions that state, maintain and use details in a reasonable ordinate to support a main idea. B2. urinate narratives that pause settings, mint/characters, dialogue, and conflicts using descriptive, concrete language to enmesh audience. B6. Use make-up processes to disclose writing, includinga. Prewritingb. inditec. Revisingd. Editinge. produceB7. Consider the think audience.C1. tranquilize bring to pass sentencesC2. Edit writingC3. Apply grammar conventionsC4. Apply punctuation mark conventionsE1. Write legibly using cursiveE2. put word-processed texts to present information in an organized, vindicated fomat, integrating graphics, illustrations and bulleting as unavoidable Quick writes-Journaling shack Questions-Answer sextuple questions inside an essay questionShort Story compact with a Graphic Organizer Pre-write equal and Contrast leavenCompare the Literary Elements in The Monkeys Paw and Aunty Misery in Elements of Literature. 6 Trait Writing Rubrics to t individually and assess writing projects8th Grade Language humanistic discipline course of instruction Map 2010 pg. 3UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 1 (Short Stories) speak & ListeningA. disquisition and ListeningB. Media LiteracyA1. Participate in and follow hold upon rules for conversation and pro forma discussion in large and small hosts. A2. actively listen and squeeze messages.A5. Follow a speakers first appearance and represent it in notes. A6. Orally communicate information, opinions and ideas effectively to different audiences, adjusting bringing and language for intend audience and purpose. A7. Participate effectively in group meetings.John Hopkins cordial Skills training- Y chartsSmall sort Literature CirclesThink-Pair-ShareAnalyzing Visuals Setting and referenceization8th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map 2010 pg. 4UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 2Reading and LiteratureA. FluencyB. Vocabulary ExpansionC. ComprehensionD. LiteratureA1. improver fluencyB1. Acquire , understand, and use vocabulary through explicict and indirect vocabulary instruction and independent reading.B2. Determine the meaning of unknown words by using a dictionary or context clues.B3. Recognize and interpret words with multiple meanings.B4. show the influences of other languages on the English Language.B5. Apply knowledge of Greek and Latin roots, prefixes and suffixes to understand content area vocabulary.B6. Determine word meanings by using definition, restatement, example, comparison or contrast.B7. Identify and explain analogies, similes, and metaphors.B8. Apply correct word pronunciation and inflection.C1. Summarize and paraphrase main idea and sustenance detailsC2. Recall and use prior learning and preview text to pee-pee for reading.C3. Comprehend, interpret and evaluate information in a variety of texts using a combination of strategiesC4. Make inferences and draw conclusions based on unequivocal and implied informationC7. Use knowledge of narrative and exp ository text structures in a variety of content areas to summarize information. C10 Monitor comprehension and use strategies to clarify understanding of theselection.C 13. Identify and utilize a variety of sources to analyze and contrast information.C14. Critically read and evaluate to determine the generators purpose, point of view, audience and message.D1. Read a variety of luxuriously fibre literature.D2. Analyze and evaluate relationships among elements of fiction.D3. Analyze a characters traits, emotions, want and give supporting evidence from the text.D4. Analyze and evaluate how metonymical languae and literary devices contribute to the meaning of a text.D5. Contrast points of view in narrative texts and explain how they affect the overall them of the works.D6. Relate a given up literary work to historical events.D8. Identify and understand recurrng themes across literary works and historic eras.D12. Respond to literature using ideas and details from text to support re actions and make literary connections.D13 Read from and respond to a variety of fiction, poetic, and nonfiction texts of increasing complexity for personal enjoyment. A. Accelerated Reader-30 minutes a dayB. Continue with rent of Latin and Greek word partsWord Maps-Creating a Graphic organizer including the etymology of the word, examples of how vocabulary words are used, meaningful sentence, synonyms, word protrude clue.Elements of Literature Short Story Collection 2 component partizationReadHamadiA Retrieved ReformationThe Wise Old womanMrs. FlowersGraphic Organizers for Characterization-Character Analysis chartContinue with Story Maps-SummariesSelection Tests Multiple Choice Test with Essay QuestionCompare/Contrast characters in The Wise Old Woman and Mrs. Flowers8th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map 2010 pg. 5UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 2WritingA. Types of WritingB. Elements of Composition.C. Spelling, Grammar, and UsageD. researchE. manus and W ord ProcessingA1. Write frequently in a variety of forms, including but not limited to the following poetry, stories, essays, editorials, letters, directions and research reports.B1. Create multiple paragraph compositions that state, maintain and usedetails in a logical order to support a main idea.B2. Create narratives that develop settings, people/characters, dialogue, and conflicts using descriptive, concrete language to engage audience.B6. Use be processes to develop writing, includingf. Prewritingg. Draftingh. Revisingi. Editingj. PublishingB7. Consider the intend audience.C1. Compose complete sentencesC2. Edit writingC3. Apply grammar conventionsC4. Apply punctuation conventionsE1. Write legibly using cursiveE2. Format word-processed texts to present information in an organized, readable fomat, integrating graphics, illustrations and bulleting as neededQuickwrites-JournalingTAG Questions-Answer multiple questions within an essay questionShort Story Summary with a Graphic Orga nizer PrewriteNarrative EssayPersonal Experience Essay sextuplet Traits of Writing8th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map 2010 pg. 6UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 2 public speaking & ListeningA. Speaking and ListeningB. Media LiteracyA1. Participate in and follow agreed upon rules for conversation and stately discussion in large and small groups.A2. Actively listen and shroud messages.A5. Follow a speakers presentation and represent it in notes.A6. Orally communicate information, opinions and ideas effectively to different audiences, adjusting delivery and language for think audience and purpose.A7. Participate effectively in group meetings.Small theme Literature CirclesThink-Pair-ShareAnalyzing Visuals Setting and Characterization8th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map 2010 pg. 7UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 3 (Poetry)Reading and LiteratureB. Vocabulary ExpansionC. ComprehensionD. LiteratureB1. Acquire, understand, and use vocabula ry through explicict and indirect vocabulary instruction and independent reading.B2. Determine the meaning of unknown words by using a dictionary or context clues.B3. Recognize and interpret words with multiple meanings.B4. Describe the influences of other languages on the English Language.B5. Apply knowledge of Greek and Latin roots, prefixes and suffixes to understand content area vocabulary.B6. Determine word meanings by using definition, restatement, example, comparison or contrast.B7. Identify and explain analogies, similes, and metaphors.B8. Apply correct word pronunciation and inflection.C1. Summarize and paraphrase main idea and supporting AC2. Recall and use prior learning and preview text to prepare for reading.C3. Comprehend, interpret and evaluate information in a variety of texts using a combination of strategiesC4. Make inferences and draw conclusions based on explicit and implied informationC7. Use knowledge of narrative and expository text structures in a variety of content areas to summarize information.C10 Monitor comprehension and use strategies to clarify understanding of the selection.C 13. Identify and utilize a variety of sources to compare and contrast information.C14. Critically read and evaluate to determine the authors purpose, point of view, audience and message.D1. Read a variety of high quality literature.D2. Analyze and evaluate relationships among elements of fiction.D3. Analyze a characters traits, emotions, motivation and give supporting evidence from the text.D4. Analyze and evaluate how tropical languae andliterary devices contribute to the meaning of a text.D5. Contrast points of view in narrative texts and explain how they affect the overall them of the works.D6. Relate a given literary work to historical events.D8. Identify and understand recurrng themes across literary works and historic eras.D12. Respond to literature using ideas and details from text to support reactions and make literary connections.D13 Read from and respond to a variety of fiction, poetic, and nonfiction texts of increasing complexity for personal enjoyment. B. Study of Latin and Greek word partsWord Maps-Creating a Graphic organizer including the etymology of the word, examples of how vocabulary words are used, meaningful sentence, synonyms, word picture clueWord Posters using Greek and Latin Word Parts.C. D. Elements of Literature Short Story Collection 3-4 Theme and Authors StyleTo introduce Theme-ReadThe laddieStop the SunThe Medicine BagAesops FablesSmall Group ActivityRead six fables, complete story chart, characterization, plot, and theme, or clean-living of the story.To introduce Authors Style-Two Author StudiesRead-Edgar Allen PoeTell-Tale HeartThe RavenThe barrelful of AmontilladoThe Pit and the Pendulum-View filmExamine Mood, Tone, Literary Devices (imagery, dialect, symbols), Figures of Speech (similes, metaphors, personification, idioms), IronyRead- peter BradburyRay Bradbury Biography-Ray Bradbury is on FireT he Flying MachineThe DragonThe fogsignalThe SmileThere Will Come Soft RainsAll summer in a DayComplete Story Chart- Setting, Characters, Plot, Theme for each of the stories Variety of comprehension activities for each story8th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map 2010 pg. 8UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 3 (Poetry)WritingA. Types of WritingB. Elements of Composition.C. Spelling, Grammar, and UsageD. ResearchE. Handwriting and Word ProcessingA1. Write frequently in a variety of forms, including but not limited to the following poetry, stories, essays, editorials, letters, directions and research reports.B1. Create multiple paragraph compositions that state, maintain and use details in a logical order to support a main idea.B2. Create narratives that develop settings, people/characters, dialogue, and conflicts using descriptive, concrete language to engage audience.B6. Use composing processes to develop writing, includingk. Prewritingl. Draftingm. Revisingn. Edi tingo. PublishingB7. Consider the intended audience.C1. Compose complete sentencesC2. Edit writingC3. Apply grammar conventionsC4. Apply punctuation conventionsE1. Write legibly using cursiveE2. Format word-processed texts to present information in an organized, readable fomat, integrating graphics, illustrations and bulleting as neededQuickwrites-JournalingTAG Questions-Answer multiple questions within an essay questionLiterary Devices Packet- Similes, Metaphors, Alliteration, Idioms, OnomatopeiaMultiparagraph Film Summary/AnalysisEssay on the Pit and the PendulumTheme Strips Choose one of Ray Bradburys short stories and create a theme strip, illustrating it with symbols that have significance to the story.Six Trait Writing8th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map 2010 pg. 9UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 3 (Poetry)Speaking & ListeningA. Speaking and ListeningB. Media LiteracyA1. Participate in and follow agreed upon rules for conversation and formal discussion in large and small groups. A2. Actively listen and comprehend messages.A5. Follow a speakers presentation and represent it in notes.A6. Orally communicate information, opinions and ideas effectively to different audiences, adjusting delivery and language for intended audience andpurpose.A7. Participate effectively in group meetings.Analyzing VisualsView The Pit and the PendulumComplete story chart, analyze irony, write stockySmall Group Activities8th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map 2010 pg. 10UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 4Reading and LiteratureA. FluencyB. Vocabulary ExpansionC. ComprehensionD. LiteratureA1. Increase fluencyB1. Acquire, understand, and use vocabulary through explicict and indirect vocabulary instruction and indeWpendent reading.B2. Determine the meaning of unknown words by using a dictionary or context clues.B3. Recognize and interpret words with multiple meanings.B4. Describe the influences of other languages on the English Language.B5 . Apply knowledge of Greek and Latin roots, prefixes and suffixes to understand content area vocabulary.B6. Determine word meanings by using definition, restatement,example, comparison or contrast.B7. Identify and explain analogies, similes and metaphors.B8. Apply correct word pronunciation and inflection.C1. Summarize and paraphrase main idea and supporting detailsC2. Recall and use prior learning and preview text to prepare for reading.C3. Comprehend, interpret and evaluate information in a variety of texts using a combination of strategiesC4. Make inferences and draw conclusions based on explicit and implied informationC7. Use knowledge of narrative and expository text structures in a variety of content areas to summarize information.C10 Monitor comprehension and use strategies to clarify understanding of the selection.C13. Identify and utilize a variety of sources to compare and contrast information.C14. Critically read and evaluate to determine the authors purpose, point of vie w, audience and message.D1. Read a variety of high quality literature.D2. Analyze and evaluate relationships among elements of fiction.D3. Analyze a characters traits, emotions, or motivation and give support from the text.D4. Analyze and evaluate how figurative language and literary devices contribute to the meaning of the text.D5. Contrast points of view in narrative texts and explain how they affect the overall them of the works.D6. Relate a given literary work to historical events.D7. Respond to and analyze the effects of sound, form, figurative language and graphics in order to uncover meaning in poetry.D8. Identify and understand recurrng themes across literary works and historic eras.D12. Respond to literature using ideas and details from text to support reactions and make literary connections.D13 Read from and respond to a variety of fiction, poetic, and nonfiction texts of increasing complexity for personal enjoyment.A. Accelerated Reader-30 minutes a dayB. Continue with St udy of Latin and Greek word partsWord Maps-Creating a Graphic organizer including the etymology of the word, examples of how vocabulary words are used, meaningful sentence, synonyms, word picture clue.1960s StudyIntroduce using materials from 1960s Postal gain Publication Vocabulary related to the 1960sRead nonfiction relating to the 1960s EraCreate Timeline of Major EventsAnalyze Music and Poetry from the 1960sComplete Setting Chart using Scholastic Issue The 1960sNovelVocabulary Think About It charts to analyze context clues.Character ChartPlot OutlineVariety of comprehension ActivitiesQuestion Writing ActivityRobert Frost Poem Nothing Gold Can brook8th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map 2010 pg. 11UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 4WritingA. Types of WritingB. Elements of CompositionC. Spelling, Grammar, and UsageD. ResearchE. Handwriting and Word ProcessingA1. Write frequently in a variety of forms, including but not limited to the following poetry, storie s, essays, editorials, letters, directions and research reports.B1. Create multiple paragraph compositions that state, maintain and use details in a logical order to support a main idea.B2. Create narratives that develop settings, people/characters, dialogue, and conflicts using descriptive, concrete language to engage audience.B6. Use composing processes to develop writing, includingp. Prewritingq. Draftingr. Revisings. Editingt. PublishingB7. Consider the intended audience.C1. Compose complete sentencesC2. Edit writingC3. Apply grammar conventionsC4. Apply punctuation conventionsE1. Write legibly using cursiveE2. Format word-processed texts to present information in an organized, readable fomat, integrating graphics, illustrations and bulleting as neededQuickwrites-JournalingTAG Questions-Answer multiple questions within an essay questionBiopoemEssayCharacter Analysis EssayChoose one character from the novel, The Outsiders, and write a character analysis.Six Trait Writing8th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map 2010 pg. 12UnitStandardSkillsAssessment, Projects & ResourcesUnit 4Speaking & ListeningA. Types of WritingB. Elements of CompositionC. Spelling, Grammar, and UsageD. ResearchE. Handwriting and Word ProcessingA1. Write frequently in a variety of forms, including but not limited to the following poetry, stories, essays, editorials, letters, directions and research reports.B1. Create multiple paragraph compositions that state, maintain and use details in a logical order to support a main idea.B2. Create narratives that develop settings, people/characters, dialogue, and conflicts using descriptive, concrete language to engage audience.B6. Use composing processes to develop writing, includingu. Prewritingv. Draftingw. Revisingx. Editingy. PublishingB7. Consider the intended audience.C1. Compose complete sentencesC2. Edit writingC3. Apply grammar conventionsC4. Apply punctuation conventionsE1. Write legibly using cursiveE2. Format word-processed texts to pres ent information in an organized, readable fomat, integrating graphics, illustrations and bulleting as neededQuickwrites-JournalingTAG Questions-Answer multiple questions within an essay questionBiopoemEssayCharacter Analysis EssayChoose one character from the novel, The Outsiders, and write a character analysis.Six Trait Writing

Art is nature

wile is panorama of human imagination or inward and what they feel about the world. artistic productionistry plays a large part in making our lives infinitely. Could you imagine what go forth happen if the world without art ? fair look at desk where you are. soul designed that. It is art. We are all surrounded by art. Art stimulates distinct parts of our brains to make us laugh or incite us to riot with a whole gamut of emotion in between. Art gives us a way to be creative and express ourselves.I could say Art is something that makes us more thoughtful and well rounded humans. Also art is created by the processes and products of human creativity and social life, such as languages , writings and history. I would like to share about of the Waldron Gallery experience. It was my first quantify to interested in oil painting and peeingcolors painting. I really enjoyed oddly for watercolors painting. I looked at art which is called Two rocks. First, the lines are curved it shows that the maritime moving and space looks like linear perspective.Linear perspective objects close to us appear larger than those further away, even though we know that in truth they are of similar proportions. The shapes are organic and it portrays perfection of watercolors painting. As we looked at Two Rocks painting closer and closer, you can feel ocean wave and many lines portrays the depth and flow by the different color. Just looks so amazing and real . I am the nature lover. Because I was born in Mongolia which is one of the beautiful country in the world.And I really appreciate when art related with nature. Can you imagine walk of life through an art museum and not seeing any trees or water . No mountains or streams, sunrises or sunsets ? No boats on rough waves or relaxing landscape ? Its impossible, because nature is everywhere in art from the literal to the abstract inspiration provided by the textures, colors and sounds of the natural world. Being out-of-doors can l ift our spirits and stoke our creativity. The beauty of nature reflected in arts is Just another reminder of our need to protect it.

Essays --

PurposeThe transition from teaching-centered to learner-centered paradigms has left few corners of higher statement untouched, and choose afield is no exception (Vande Berg, Connor-Linton, & Paige, 2009). This focus on knowledge environments, assessment, and outcome-based learning has resulted in a call for robust quantitative question in ponder afield that goes beyond traditional program evaluations and anecdotical feedback from scholarly persons, faculty, and parents (Vande Berg et al., 2009 Graban, 2007 Engle & Engle, 2004 Sutton & Rubin, 2004). Whalen (2009) notes that the simultaneous trends of budgetary challenges facing U.S. higher education and institutional and national calls for the expansion of study abroad have placed rife importance on the assessment of program learning outcomes to justify what was previously assumed to be the inherent educational merits of studying abroad. The complexity of worldwide education and study abroad, however, creates challenges in c onducting interrogation with significant and comparable findings oddly in conducting research that goes beyond simple statistical evidence of the quick growth of study abroad participation (Wisniewski Dietrich & Olson, 2010 Engle & Engle, 2004). These complexities include both the normalization of summonsences to terms, program types, and learning outcomes being measured (Engle & Engle, 2003). The rise in study abroad research in the last decade (Vande Berg et al., 2009) has predominantly focused on measuring acquisition of intercultural skills, language proficiency, learning at heart a discipline, and specific program outcomes (Braskamp & Braskamp, 2009). However, several authors note the need for to a greater extent assessment in study abroad on holistic student developm... ...ative measurement of factors that contribute to holistic development of students in study abroad programs using TQ scales. The emphasis on quantitative assessment of study abroad programs and partic ipants in recent years has stupendously been led by research published in Frontiers The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, making it an idol candidate for submission for publication.Several issues are still at large in the development of this proposal. Several of the questions present in the TQ scale refer to campus-specific items, which may be confusing to students being surveyed in a third-party study abroad provider model, because they are neither currently studying on a campus, and enrollment in the program is derived from multiple institutions. Additionally, approval for the phone number of program participants and program locations to be surveyed is still pending.

Roman Empire :: essays research papers

The popish Empire     The heap were happy. This is the underlying cause of the astounding length of period and space that the Roman Empire occupied most of the known westbound land. Great traffic patternrs met their downfall when they put their own status in mien of the well being of the tribe they govern. When the citizens ar left high and run dry and not regarded as important to their society then this is when there is an turn back of supply and a new ruler comes into play. Citizens had a place in politics, they put on lots of entertainment, they had the best soldiers in the world to hold dear them, and capital of Italy was the place to live and would be that way for many years. many a(prenominal) leaders come and go but it is the great ones that we remember, the ones that make good deal enjoy life. The emperors that are not approved by the people are the ones that turn a new leaf of evil once they have a military victory. The thrill of so much p ower gives them the urge on to be the best in the world. They move on and conquer other(a) nations and forget about their own people. Julius Caesar maintenanced about his people and wanted to be the "ruler for the people," rather than the "ruler of the people." When he gain power of capital of Italy from the hands of Pompey there was no reign of terror, but a policy to restore economic and prosperity to Rome. This period of time in Rome is known today as the golden age of Roman literacy and development. The minds of the people are expanding. Another example of the Roman citizens happiness and prosperity comes during the rule of Caesars grandson Octavian, better known to history as Augustus.Once Augustus rises from the new triumvirate as the ruler of the empire, he introduces different types of social reform that appease the people and keep them on his side. Augustus is a classical man and wanted to playact back the ancient moral to the citizens. He reduced the s ize of the army and gave soldiers land and money. He imports food and gives it away to the people. Augustus transformed Rome from metropolis of bricks to a city of marble by building temples and basilicas to represent his power as well as his love for the city that he takes care of.